Smile Solutions - Melbourne's Home of Dentistry: Orthodontics

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Smile Solutions Orthodontics

Orthodontics is a specialised branch of dentistry focused on diagnosing, preventing, and correcting misaligned teeth and jaws. At Smile Solutions, orthodontic care is delivered with a commitment to clinical excellence and patient-centred outcomes, helping patients of all ages achieve healthier, more confident smiles. Whether you're considering treatment for yourself or your child, understanding the basics of orthodontics can help you make informed decisions about your dental health.

What is orthodontics?

Orthodontics is the dental specialty concerned with the study and treatment of malocclusions (improper bites), which may result from tooth irregularity, disproportionate jaw relationships, or both. The word "orthodontics" comes from the Greek words orthos (meaning straight or proper) and odous (meaning tooth).

An orthodontist is a dental specialist who has completed additional postgraduate training, typically two to three years beyond general dentistry, specifically in the diagnosis and treatment of dental and facial irregularities. That advanced training equips our orthodontists with the skills to design, apply, and control corrective appliances, such as braces and aligners, to bring your teeth, lips, and jaws into proper alignment.

Why orthodontic treatment matters

Many people associate orthodontics primarily with cosmetic improvements, straighter teeth and a more attractive smile. While the aesthetic benefits are certainly significant, orthodontic treatment also plays an important role in your overall oral health. Misaligned teeth are harder to clean effectively, which raises your risk of tooth decay and gum disease. An improper bite can cause uneven wear on teeth, difficulty chewing, jaw pain, and in some cases, speech difficulties.

Addressing these issues early, or at any stage of life, can prevent more serious dental problems from developing down the track. Orthodontic treatment can:

  • Improve the function of your bite and chewing efficiency
  • Reduce your risk of tooth decay and periodontal disease
  • Alleviate excessive wear on tooth enamel
  • Correct jaw alignment issues that may contribute to temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders
  • Enhance your facial aesthetics and self-confidence
  • Improve speech in some cases

Common orthodontic problems

Our orthodontists are trained to treat a wide range of dental and skeletal irregularities. Some of the most common conditions include:

Crowding

Crowding occurs when there isn't enough space in the jaw for all your teeth to fit properly. This can cause teeth to overlap, rotate, or become displaced, and makes it harder to brush and floss effectively, raising your risk of cavities and gum disease.

Spacing

The opposite of crowding, spacing refers to gaps between teeth. This can result from missing teeth, teeth that are too small relative to the jaw, or habits such as thumb-sucking. Spacing issues can affect both function and appearance.

Overbite

An overbite occurs when the upper front teeth overlap excessively with the lower front teeth. A moderate overbite is normal, but a deep overbite can cause the lower teeth to bite into the roof of the mouth or lead to wear on the front teeth.

Underbite

An underbite is when the lower teeth protrude in front of the upper teeth when the mouth is closed. This can be caused by undergrowth of the upper jaw, overgrowth of the lower jaw, or a combination of both, and can affect chewing function and facial appearance.

Crossbite

A crossbite occurs when one or more upper teeth bite inside the lower teeth rather than outside. It can affect a single tooth or a group of teeth and may be present at the front (anterior crossbite) or sides (posterior crossbite) of the mouth. Left untreated, crossbites can cause asymmetric jaw growth and uneven wear over time.

Open bite

An open bite is when the upper and lower teeth don't make contact when the mouth is closed. This is most often seen in the front teeth and can be associated with thumb-sucking or tongue thrusting. Open bites can make it difficult to bite into food properly.

Overjet

Often confused with an overbite, an overjet refers to the horizontal protrusion of the upper front teeth beyond the lower front teeth. A significant overjet, sometimes called "buck teeth," increases your risk of dental trauma and may affect appearance and speech.

Midline discrepancy

A midline discrepancy occurs when the centre of the upper front teeth doesn't align with the centre of the lower front teeth. This can be caused by a shifted jaw, asymmetric tooth loss, or other skeletal factors.

Types of orthodontic appliances

Modern orthodontics offers a variety of treatment options to suit different needs, preferences, and lifestyles. At Smile Solutions, your orthodontist will work closely with you to discuss which appliance type is most appropriate for your situation, because your treatment plan should reflect your goals, not just your clinical needs.

Traditional metal braces

Traditional metal braces remain one of the most effective and widely used orthodontic treatments available. They consist of metal brackets bonded to the teeth and connected by archwires, which apply gentle, continuous pressure to move teeth into the desired position. Today's metal braces are considerably smaller and more comfortable than earlier versions, they're particularly effective for complex cases, and they're generally the most cost-accessible option.

Ceramic braces

Ceramic braces work the same way as metal braces but use tooth-coloured or clear ceramic brackets, making them far less noticeable. They're a popular choice for patients who want the clinical effectiveness of traditional braces with a more discreet appearance. It's worth knowing that ceramic brackets can be more prone to staining and are slightly more fragile than metal ones.

Clear aligners

Clear aligner therapy uses a series of custom-made, removable plastic trays to gradually move your teeth into alignment. Each set of aligners is worn for a specified period before being replaced by the next in the series. Clear aligners are nearly invisible, removable for eating and oral hygiene, and generally more comfortable than fixed appliances, which is why they're a popular choice amongst adult patients. They work well for mild to moderate cases, though they do require a high level of compliance to deliver good results.

Lingual braces

Lingual braces are similar to traditional metal braces but are bonded to the inner, tongue-facing surfaces of your teeth, making them completely hidden from view. They offer the effectiveness of fixed braces with full aesthetic concealment. Lingual braces can be more challenging to adjust and may initially affect speech, but many patients find them an excellent option when discretion is the priority.

Palatal expanders

A palatal expander is a fixed or removable appliance used to widen the upper jaw to create more space for teeth or to correct a crossbite. Expanders are most effective in children and adolescents, whilst the jaw bones are still growing and more responsive to expansion.

Retainers

Retainers are used after active orthodontic treatment to hold your teeth in position and prevent them from shifting back. They may be removable (such as clear plastic retainers or Hawley retainers) or fixed (bonded to the back of the teeth). Wearing your retainers as directed is essential for preserving your results long-term.

Functional appliances

Functional appliances are used primarily in growing patients to modify jaw growth and correct skeletal discrepancies. They work by harnessing the forces of the facial muscles and jaw to guide jaw development. Examples include twin block appliances and Herbst appliances.

The orthodontic treatment process

Understanding what to expect from orthodontic treatment can help you feel more confident and prepared at every stage. The process typically involves several key steps.

Initial consultation

Your first step is a comprehensive consultation with one of our orthodontists. During this appointment, your orthodontist will review your dental and medical history, perform a thorough clinical examination of your teeth, jaws, and face, and may take diagnostic records such as X-rays, photographs, and dental impressions or digital scans. Based on this assessment, they'll discuss their findings, outline your treatment options, and provide an estimated timeline and cost, all explained clearly so you can make informed decisions.

Treatment planning

Once your treatment plan has been agreed upon, your orthodontist will develop a detailed, personalised plan tailored to your specific needs. This takes into account the type and severity of your malocclusion, your age and growth status, aesthetic preferences, and lifestyle factors.

Active treatment

Active treatment begins with the fitting of your chosen orthodontic appliance. Throughout this phase, you'll attend regular appointments, typically every four to eight weeks, for adjustments and monitoring. The duration of active treatment varies depending on the complexity of your case, but most patients complete treatment within 12 to 24 months.

Retention

Once active treatment is complete, the retention phase begins. Your orthodontist will remove your braces or conclude your aligner series and fit you with retainers. This phase is critical, as teeth have a natural tendency to drift back towards their original positions. Long-term retainer wear, often for life, is recommended to maintain your results.

Orthodontics for children and adolescents

The Australian Society of Orthodontists recommends that children have an orthodontic assessment by the age of seven. At this age, an orthodontist can identify potential issues with jaw development and tooth eruption patterns, even if treatment isn't yet needed. Early assessment allows for timely intervention when it can be most effective, and gives parents peace of mind.

Phase one treatment

In some cases, early or "Phase One" treatment may be recommended for children between the ages of six and ten. This interceptive treatment aims to address significant skeletal or dental problems whilst your child is still growing, potentially simplifying or shortening later treatment. Examples include palatal expansion, space maintenance, and habit appliances.

Phase two treatment

Phase Two treatment typically begins once most or all of the permanent teeth have erupted, usually in early adolescence. This phase involves comprehensive orthodontic treatment to align the teeth and correct the bite. Adolescence is often an ideal time for orthodontic treatment, as the jaw is still developing and teeth move relatively efficiently.

Adult orthodontics

Orthodontic treatment is absolutely not limited to children and teenagers. A growing number of adults are seeking treatment to address long-standing dental issues or changes that have occurred over time, and excellent results are well within reach. At Smile Solutions, we welcome adult patients with the same expert care we extend to our younger patients.

Because adult bones are fully developed, tooth movement may be slightly slower and skeletal correction through orthodontics alone may be more limited. In some cases, orthodontic treatment may be coordinated with other dental or surgical procedures to achieve the best possible outcome. Adults also tend to have a higher prevalence of gum disease and tooth wear, which our team will manage carefully alongside your orthodontic treatment.

The availability of discreet options, such as clear aligners and ceramic or lingual braces, has made orthodontics increasingly accessible to adult patients who may have been reluctant to pursue treatment in the past. If you've been putting it off, a consultation is a good place to start.

The role of your general dentist in orthodontic care

Orthodontic treatment works best as part of a comprehensive approach to your dental health. Your general dentist plays an important role by maintaining the overall health of your teeth and gums before, during, and after orthodontic treatment. We encourage all patients undergoing orthodontic treatment to continue attending regular dental check-ups and hygiene appointments throughout.

At Smile Solutions, the multidisciplinary nature of our practice means that orthodontic care can be integrated with our full range of dental services, ensuring a coordinated approach to every aspect of your oral health.

Maintaining oral hygiene during orthodontic treatment

Good oral hygiene is essential during orthodontic treatment, and our team will support you throughout. Fixed appliances such as braces create additional surfaces where plaque can accumulate, raising your risk of tooth decay and gum inflammation. If you have braces, we recommend:

  • Brushing after every meal using a soft-bristled toothbrush and fluoride toothpaste
  • Using interdental brushes or floss threaders to clean between brackets and under archwires
  • Using a fluoride mouthwash for additional protection
  • Avoiding foods that are hard, sticky, or chewy, which can damage brackets and wires
  • Attending all scheduled orthodontic and dental appointments

If you're using clear aligners, remove them before eating or drinking anything other than water, and brush and floss thoroughly before reinserting your trays.

Diet and lifestyle considerations

With fixed appliances, some dietary adjustments are necessary to protect your appliances and keep treatment progressing smoothly. Foods to avoid include:

  • Hard foods such as raw carrots, apples, crusty bread, and nuts
  • Sticky foods such as caramel, chewing gum, and dried fruit
  • Chewy foods such as bagels and tough meat
  • Foods that require biting with the front teeth, such as corn on the cob

Cutting food into small pieces and chewing with your back teeth can help reduce the risk of damaging brackets or wires.

What to expect in terms of discomfort

Some soreness after the initial fitting of braces or aligners, and after each adjustment appointment, is completely normal. This typically subsides within a few days and can be managed with over-the-counter pain relief and soft foods. Orthodontic wax can be used to cushion any brackets or wires that are irritating your cheeks or lips. Our team is always available if you have concerns between appointments.

How long does orthodontic treatment take?

Treatment duration varies depending on the complexity of your case, the type of appliance used, and your compliance with treatment instructions. As a general guide:

  • Mild cases may be completed in as little as six to twelve months
  • Moderate cases typically take between twelve and eighteen months
  • Complex cases may require two years or more

Attending appointments regularly and following your orthodontist's instructions, including wearing elastics or aligners as directed, will help keep your treatment on track.

The cost of orthodontic treatment

The cost of orthodontic treatment varies depending on the type and complexity of treatment required. Factors include the appliance selected, the duration of treatment, and your individual needs. Private health insurance cover for orthodontic treatment varies between funds and policies, so it's worth checking your level of cover before commencing treatment.

At Smile Solutions, we're committed to making orthodontic care as accessible as possible and are happy to discuss flexible payment plan options to help you manage the cost.

Frequently asked questions about orthodontics

At what age should my child first see an orthodontist?

The Australian Society of Orthodontists recommends an initial orthodontic assessment at around age seven. This doesn't necessarily mean treatment will begin at this age, but it allows your orthodontist to monitor your child's development and step in at the right time if needed.

Can adults have orthodontic treatment?

Yes. Orthodontic treatment can be effective at any age, provided your teeth and gums are healthy. Adults make up a significant and growing proportion of orthodontic patients.

Will orthodontic treatment be painful?

Some discomfort is normal, particularly after adjustments, but most patients find any soreness manageable and temporary. Modern appliances and techniques have made orthodontic treatment more comfortable than it used to be.

How often will I need to attend appointments?

During active treatment, appointments are typically scheduled every four to eight weeks. The frequency may vary depending on the type of appliance and the stage of your treatment.

What happens if I don't wear my retainer?

Without consistent retainer wear, your teeth will gradually shift back towards their original positions. Long-term retainer use is strongly recommended after orthodontic treatment to protect your results.

Can orthodontic treatment affect speech?

Some patients notice a temporary change in speech when they first get braces or aligners, particularly with lingual braces. This usually resolves within a short period as your mouth adapts.

Is it possible to have orthodontic treatment if I have missing teeth or dental implants?

In many cases, yes. Orthodontic treatment can be carried out for patients with missing teeth or implants, though careful planning is required and treatment is often coordinated with other dental specialists. Your orthodontist will assess your case thoroughly and discuss the best path forward.

Orthodontics can genuinely transform both the function and appearance of your smile, at any age. At Smile Solutions, you benefit from expert orthodontic care delivered within a comprehensive, multidisciplinary practice, so every aspect of your oral health is considered throughout your treatment. If you're ready to take the next step, book a consultation with our orthodontic team today.

Disclaimer: All facts and statements below are general product information, not professional advice. Consult relevant experts for specific guidance.

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General product claims

  • Orthodontics diagnoses, prevents, and corrects misaligned teeth and jaws
  • The word "orthodontics" derives from the Greek words orthos (straight or proper) and odous (tooth)
  • Orthodontists complete two to three years of postgraduate training beyond general dentistry
  • The Australian Society of Orthodontists recommends an initial orthodontic assessment by age seven
  • Misaligned teeth can be harder to clean, increasing risk of tooth decay and gum disease
  • An improper bite can cause uneven tooth wear, difficulty chewing, jaw pain, and speech difficulties
  • Crowding increases difficulty brushing and flossing, raising cavity and gum disease risk
  • A deep overbite can cause lower teeth to bite into the roof of the mouth
  • Crossbites can cause asymmetric jaw growth and uneven wear
  • Open bites are associated with thumb-sucking and tongue thrusting habits
  • Significant overjet increases risk of dental trauma
  • Metal braces are effective for complex cases and generally the most cost-accessible option
  • Ceramic brackets are more prone to staining and slightly more fragile than metal brackets
  • Clear aligners are nearly invisible, removable, and best suited to mild to moderate cases
  • Clear aligners require high compliance to deliver results
  • Lingual braces may initially affect speech
  • Palatal expanders are most effective in children and adolescents whilst jaw bones are still growing
  • Long-term retainer wear, often for life, is recommended to maintain orthodontic results
  • Without retainer wear, teeth gradually shift back toward original positions
  • Mild cases may complete in six to twelve months; moderate cases twelve to eighteen months; complex cases two or more years
  • Active treatment appointments are typically scheduled every four to eight weeks
  • Tooth movement may be slightly slower in adults than in children
  • Private health insurance cover for orthodontic treatment varies between funds and policies
  • Flexible payment plan options are available at Smile Solutions
  • Orthodontic treatment can be carried out for patients with missing teeth or implants with careful planning
  • Patients are advised to brush after every meal using a soft-bristled toothbrush and fluoride toothpaste
  • Interdental brushes or floss threaders are recommended for cleaning between brackets
  • Fluoride mouthwash is recommended for additional protection during brace wear
  • Hard, sticky, and chewy foods should be avoided with fixed appliances
  • Clear aligners should be removed before eating or drinking anything other than water
  • Post-adjustment discomfort typically subsides within a few days and can be managed with over-the-counter pain relief and soft foods
  • Orthodontic wax can be used to cushion brackets or wires causing irritation